Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) / hypochlorous acid water / anolyte is a new type of disinfectant that is highly effective, safe, broad-spectrum, pollution-free and residue-free. It has no negative impact on the environment and animal health, so it has been widely used in the field of livestock and poultry farming. Regarding the disinfection effect of slightly acidic electrolyzed water on transport chicken cages, relevant studies have pointed out that its effect is good.
According to a paper from Shandong Agricultural University, slightly acidic electrolyzed water was used in a study on the disinfection of transport chicken cages, and the results showed that it can effectively kill bacteria and viruses on the chicken cages. In addition, the bactericidal effect of slightly acidic electrolyzed water is proportional to the effective chlorine concentration, that is, the higher the effective chlorine concentration, the stronger the bactericidal effect. In practical applications, spray disinfection using slightly acidic electrolyzed water with an effective chlorine concentration of 80 mg/L to 100 mg/L can achieve a high bactericidal rate.
Many studies have shown that slightly acidic electrolyzed water /hypochlorous acid has the characteristics of instantaneous, high efficiency and broad-spectrum sterilization . It can kill various bacteria in a short time, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Listeria, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, etc. It can also kill fungi, such as Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Mucor, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Echinococcus nigra, Curvularia lunula, etc. (Deza et al., 2003; Monnin et al., 2012; Arevalos et al., 2012). In addition, there are also studies reporting that electrolyzed water can Inactivate HBV, HCV, HIV, Enterovirus, influenza virus, etc. In addition to high efficiency, electrolyzed water sterilization has extremely strong instantaneous performance, which can instantly and forcibly seize the electrons of bacteria or viruses. The killing time is usually only a few seconds to a few minutes. For example, it only takes a few seconds to kill bacteria, a few minutes to kill mold, and about 10 minutes to kill spores. The killing rate is relatively high, generally reaching 90% -95% or more.
Compared with other commonly used disinfectants and strongly acidic electrolyzed water, slightly acidic electrolyzed water is easy to prepare and has low cost . First, the preparation of strongly acidic electrolyzed water often uses expensive ion exchange membranes as electrolytic diaphragms, which are easy to clog and damage during operation. Hypochlorous acid water adopts a diaphragm-free electrolysis method, which is easy to operate. Water production generally uses low-concentration salt solution and/or dilute hydrochloric acid solution, without the need for chemical reagents and complicated operations. Second, after buying an electrolyzed water machine once, only a small amount of salt costs need to be provided later. Compared with traditional chemical preparations, the cost is low (Xiong et al., 2010; Li et al., 2014).
Compared with other disinfectants, the biggest feature of slightly acidic electrolyzed water is that it is pollution-free and residue-free . For example, the commonly used sodium hypochlorite disinfectant is often used in high concentrations and is rich in a large number of stable and easily residual hypochlorite ions, which imposes a heavy burden on the environment. However, the active ingredients contained in HOCL water are unstable in nature. After contact with light, air, and organic matter, they quickly decompose and return to ordinary water. Discharge does not pollute the environment. Even if hypochlorous acid water is discharged into the environment, it is easy to be neutralized and reduced due to its low concentration, so it is easy to control and imposes little burden on the environment.
Slightly acidic electrolyzed water has the characteristics of high production efficiency and wide application range . Compared with strongly acidic electrolyzed water, the pH value of HOCL water is about 6.0, close to neutral, less corrosive to objects, and has a wide range of applications. Nan Songjian (Nan Songjian, 2011) has studied and reported the low corrosiveness of hypochlorous acid water. Because of its low corrosiveness and high bactericidal performance, it can be widely used in food processing and storage, catering, facility agriculture, livestock and poultry breeding and other fields. Its high efficiency bactericidal effect can also be used in plant cultivation to reduce or replace the use of some pesticides.
Current status of disinfection of transport chicken cages:
Transport cages with pathogenic bacteria are an important risk factor for infection and transmission of chicken disease (Bielanski et al.,1997; Calavas et al., 1998; Boklund et al., 2004), and chicken cages are generally transported between chicken farms and chicken farms, markets, slaughterhouses and other areas with a large number of chickens. If chicken cages are not disinfected or inadequately disinfected, there is a high probability of disease transmission. Sladeret (Sladeret et al., 2002) provides a disposable method for the use of chicken coops to reduce the disease caused by inadequate disinfection of chicken coops for transportation, that is, to discard the chicken coops after use, but this method is obviously too expensive and inconvenient to use. Ramesh (Ramesh et al., 2003) immersed plastic type and galvanized type chicken coop in NaClO solution respectively for research, and the research results showed that the killing rate of 4-8 log per unit could be achieved at 70℃ for 2 min. Allen(Allen et al., 2008) also studied the method of disinfection by cleaning, brushing, and then soaking in Weike disinfectant, and the disinfection effect was obvious. However, the above methods are either expensive or have a large amount of chemical disinfectant residue and harm the health of chickens and humans, so it is necessary to develop a harmless and cheap new disinfectant for transport chicken cage disinfection.
Salmonella is a universally recognized pathogenic microorganism that easily causes human and animal diseases and causes significant economic losses. Over the years, salmonellosis has proved to be one of the most difficult diseases to be sustainably controlled and eliminated (Capua et al.,2006; Sharkey et al., 2008; Niemi et al., 2009), and vehicles and chicken cages moving back and forth from site to site are important risk factors for the spread of the disease, therefore, disinfection of transport chicken cages is particularly important.
Experiment on the killing effect of SAEW on Salmonella enteritidis at different sterilization times
Figure 1 shows that when the effective chlorine concentration of slightly acidic electrolyzed water is 7 mg/L and the sterilization time is 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, and 5min, the killing logarithmic values of SAEW against Salmonella enteritidis are 2.32±0.23, 5.71±0.31, 8.01±0.03, 8.02±0.02, and 8.07±0.03 log10 CFU/mL, respectively. It can be seen from the table that with the gradual increase of sterilization time, the killing value of SAEW against Salmonella gradually increases.
Figure 1 Inactivation effect of SAEW on Salmonella at the different treatment time
Experiment on the killing of Salmonella enteritidis by SAEW at different effective chlorine concentrations
Slightly acidic electrolyzed water with effective chlorine concentrations of 1 mg/L, 3 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 7 mg/L, and 9 mg/L was prepared and sterilized for 3 min. As shown in Figure 2, with the gradual increase of effective chlorine concentration, the killing value of SAEW against Salmonella gradually increased; its killing logarithm value can reach 2.18 ± 0.18, 4.37 ± 0.32, 6.16 ± 0.29, 8.03 ± 0.07 and 8.02 ± 0.03 log10 CFU/mL.
Figure 2 Inactivation effect of SAEW on Salmonella at the different ACC
Reference:
邴珊. 微酸性电解水对运输鸡笼消毒效果研究[D].山东农业大学, 2016.
The application of slightly acidic electrolytic water in livestock and poultry breeding is not only limited to the disinfection of the chicken cage, but also includes the disinfection of the chicken house environment and hatching equipment. Its safety has also been verified, compared to traditional chemical disinfectants, HOCL water is safer, does not produce toxic residues, and is less irritating to the skin. According to the evidence, slightly acidic electrolytic water with an effective chlorine concentration of 300mg/L can significantly reduce the airborne microorganisms in the pig house by 59%, and its antibacterial activity is stronger than that of the commonly used pig farm disinfectants Strong disinfectant powder (49%) and povidone iodine solution (26%). In addition, the main component of hypochlorous acid water is hypochlorous acid (HClO), which has a strong bactericidal ability and can effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms, so as to create a good healthy growth environment for livestock and poultry and prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases. In another study, a study by Inner Mongolia Agricultural University found that after slightly acidic electrolytic water was added with different concentrations of glycerin, the bactericidal rate was greater than 96% in different reaction times, reaching the same effect as 0.5% povidone iodine. This shows that the application of anolyte water in livestock and poultry breeding is not only efficient, but also economical.
BLUEWAV hypochlorous acid generator production of slightly acidic electrolytic water as a new disinfectant, its high efficiency, safety and environmental protection characteristics make it in the field of livestock and poultry breeding has a broad application prospect, very cost-effective.
The effective chlorine concentration of 174 mg/L and pH value of 6.50~6.80 were strongly sprayed with slightly acidic electrolytic water to disinfect the transport chicken cage for 5 min, and the bactericidal rate of the transport chicken cage surface reached 63.4%. The bactericidal rate of slightly acidic electrolytic water was significantly better than that of conventional disinfectants and water (P < 0.05). However, in the chicken house, the removal effect of various disinfectants and water on bacteria did not reach 25%.
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